Water plays an important role in all our day-to-day activities and its consumption is increasing day by day because of the increased living standards of mankind. Some regions of the globe are under severe stress due to water scarcity and pollution. The freshwater needs of mankind can be only satisfied if saline water which is available in plenty is converted to potable water by desalination. In this talk, we first present a new method to synthesize nanomaterials under atmospheric pressure, low temperature, and short reduction time which is called dry plasma reduction. Then we concentrate on advanced solar energy-driven desalination technology. Lastly, future opportunities and difficulties to develop solar-driven steam generation in desalination.