Abstract

Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells exhibit high efficiency due to attractive properties like, broad absorbance coefficient, long diffusion length, high mobility and low non radiative recombination losses. Nevertheless, the conventional 3D perovskites are prone to moisture instability. Low dimensional perovskites (LDPs) or 2D perovskites are believed to be, alternative candidates in which the moisture tolerance can be improved by passivation strategy. In this case, the large alkylammonium cations act as a spacer in between the inorganic layered sheets. Indeed, the cations passivate the defect sites and improve the morphology by the conversion of LDPs by steric effect. The rich phenyl groups in spacer cation impart hydrophobicity on the surface of perovskite film. But, the 2D perovskites exhibit poor charge transportation compared to 3D counterparts due to non-polar and insulating nature of large organic spacer cations. In this work, we have discussed synthesis, properties, advantages and drawbacks involved in LDPs through passivation of various alkylammonium cations.

Keywords: LDPs, Passivation, Spacer cations

*Corresponding author: lakshmichinnadurai@gmail.com