Proceedings of Technological Advances in Science, Medicine and Engineering Conference 2021

Systematic comparison of Gastrointestinal Pathologies Associated with COVID-19 with other common viral infection
Caroline Arden Jackson, Sindhu Ramesh, Manoj Govindarajulu, Tony Thomas, Timothy Moore, Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19, viral infection) has a prominent toxic effect on the respiratory system.  According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), the highest percentage of individuals infected with COVID-19 include individuals between the ages of 18 to 29 (22.4%), followed by individuals between the ages of 50 to 64 years of age (20.5%), and individuals between the ages of 30 to 39 (16.3%). Additionally, 52.2% of patients that have contracted the COVID-19 virus are female, while 47.8% are male. Furthermore, individuals that are overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2 and < 30 kg/m2 ) might have an increased risk of developing COVID-19 and individuals that are obese (BMI of 30 kg/m2  to < 40 kg/m2) or have severe obesity (BMI 40 kg/m2  and above), have an increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Although COVID-19 has a major effect on the respiratory system, there are several pathologies notably associated with the gastrointestinal (GI) system. In fact, COVID-19 patients stool samples also test positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids, even if the respiratory sample from the individual tests negative.  The American College of Gastroenterology indicates that ten of the most common disease states of the GI system include: gastroesophageal reflux disease-GERD, dyspepsia, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, gastroparesis, pancreatitis, and hemorrhoids.  Hence, in the current study, we investigated the relevance of COVID on the prevalent GI pathologies to understand the progression of the disease and to develop novel and effective therapeutic strategies.  PubMed, Scopus, and google scholar databases were searched up to April 2021, using suitable keywords.  Individual and pooled prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the fixed- or random-effects model as appropriate. Identification of the independent parameters based on age, and illness to understand the effect of SARS-Cov2 on the different disease states of the gastrointestinal system was carried out using the fixed and random-effects meta-analysis models as appropriate.  In adult patients, the prevalence rates (95%CI) for all GI symptoms, and separately for diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal discomfort/pain were 9.8% (6.4-14.7), 10.4% (95%CI 7.7-13.9), 7.7% (95%CI 4.8-12.1), and 6.9% (95%CI 3.9-11.9) respectively. The prevalence rates for children were 9.6% (95%CI 6.3-14.3).  In 30.3% (95%CI 10.5-61.6) of the patients SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in feces.  In addition, SARS-CoV-2 caused anorexia, ageusia, bleeding, and xerostomia.  Of the most common pathologies of the GI, individuals with COVID-19 have nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis, and abdominal pain. 

Last modified: 2021-06-27
Building: TASME Center
Room: Medicine Hall
Date: July 4, 2021 - 02:20 PM – 02:35 PM

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